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Understanding PAD: Its Impact and the Importance of Early Detection
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) may not be a household name, but it affects millions of people—many of whom are unaware they even have it. At its core, PAD is a circulatory condition that develops when narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, most often the legs. This decreased blood flow can lead to a range of symptoms that make everyday tasks like walking, exercising, or even sleeping uncomfortable or painful.
What Exactly Is PAD?
Peripheral Artery Disease occurs when plaque (a fatty substance made up of cholesterol, calcium, and other materials) builds up in the arteries that supply blood to your arms and legs. This buildup, known as atherosclerosis, causes the arteries to narrow and harden, limiting the flow of oxygen-rich blood.
While PAD can affect any blood vessels outside of your heart and brain, it most commonly impacts the legs. The reduced blood flow deprives your muscles of the oxygen and nutrients they need—especially during physical activity. This is why many people with PAD experience leg pain when walking, known as claudication.
Common Symptoms of PAD
PAD symptoms can vary, and in some cases, individuals may not experience any obvious warning signs until the condition is advanced. However, common symptoms include:
- Leg pain or cramping during walking or exercise (relieved by rest)
- Numbness or weakness in the legs
- Coldness in the lower leg or foot, especially compared to the other leg
- Sores on toes, feet, or legs that won’t heal
- Change in the color of your legs
- Hair loss or slower hair growth on feet and legs
- Weak or absent pulse in legs or feet
Unfortunately, many people mistake PAD symptoms for normal signs of aging or arthritis and delay getting checked.
How PAD Can Affect Your Daily Life
If left untreated, PAD can significantly impact your quality of life. At first, you might simply notice some discomfort while walking. But over time, even routine tasks like grocery shopping, playing with your grandkids, or climbing stairs can become painful and limiting.
In severe cases, PAD can cause:
- Chronic limb pain and fatigue
- Rest pain (pain in your legs or feet even when resting)
- Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) – a serious form of PAD marked by severe blockage in the arteries, potentially leading to non-healing wounds, infections, and risk of amputation
The emotional toll of losing your independence due to pain, immobility, or fear of worsening symptoms can also contribute to depression or anxiety.
Why Early Detection and Treatment Are Critical
The good news? PAD is both detectable and treatable—especially when caught early. Diagnosing PAD typically involves a physical exam, a review of your symptoms and risk factors, and simple non-invasive tests like the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), which compares blood pressure in your ankle with that in your arm.
Once diagnosed, your treatment may include:
- Lifestyle changes – such as quitting smoking, exercising, and eating a heart-healthy diet
- Medications – to manage cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar
- Minimally invasive procedures – like angioplasty or stent placement to restore blood flow
- Surgical interventions – for more advanced or complex blockages
By seeking care early, you can often prevent serious complications like ulcers, infections, and even limb loss.
Who’s at Risk for PAD?
PAD doesn’t discriminate, but certain individuals face higher risk. You may be at increased risk if you:
- Are over 50 years old
- Smoke or have a history of smoking
- Have diabetes
- Have high blood pressure or high cholesterol
- Have a family history of vascular disease
- Are overweight or sedentary
If you fall into any of these categories—especially if you’re experiencing symptoms—talk to your doctor about a vascular screening.
Living Well with PAD
Managing PAD isn’t just about avoiding surgery or medication—it’s about reclaiming your quality of life. With proper care and a proactive approach, many patients regain their ability to walk pain-free and enjoy everyday activities again.
At the Vascular Institute of Chattanooga, we specialize in diagnosing and treating PAD with personalized care plans and the latest technology. As the region’s only Critical Limb Center, our team is committed to helping you avoid amputation and get back to the life you love.
Take the Next Step: Get Screened Today
If you’re experiencing leg pain, cramping, or unexplained fatigue, don’t ignore the signs. PAD is more common than you think—and the sooner it’s detected, the better your outcome.
📍 Same-day and next-day appointments available
📞 Call us today to schedule your vascular screening
🌐 Visit www.vascularinstituteofchattanooga.com to learn more
