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Understanding Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) and Who’s at Risk
Some of the most dangerous medical conditions are the ones that develop in silence—and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) are a perfect example. Often asymptomatic until it’s too late, an AAA can be a life-threatening condition that requires urgent medical care. At the Vascular Institute of Chattanooga (VIC), we believe early detection saves lives. That’s why education, prevention, and vascular screenings are at the heart of our approach.
In this blog, we’ll explore what an AAA is, how to recognize the signs (even when there are none), who is most at risk, and how VIC helps patients stay ahead of this serious vascular threat.
What Is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
The aorta is the body’s main blood vessel, carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occurs when a portion of the aorta in the abdomen weakens and begins to bulge outward like a balloon.
Over time, the walls of the aneurysm can become so thin that they rupture, leading to massive internal bleeding. A ruptured AAA is a medical emergency with a high fatality rate—especially if it’s not caught in time.
The problem? Most AAAs grow slowly and silently. Many people don’t realize they have one until they experience a rupture.
Signs and Symptoms of AAA
In its early stages, an abdominal aortic aneurysm rarely causes symptoms. It’s often discovered accidentally during routine imaging for another condition. However, when symptoms do occur, they may include:
- A deep, constant pain in your abdomen or side
- Pain in your lower back
- A pulsating sensation near your belly button
- Unexplained or sudden weakness or fainting
A ruptured AAA causes:
- Sudden, intense abdominal or back pain
- Rapid heart rate
- Dizziness or fainting
- Low blood pressure
- Shortness of breath
- Cold or clammy skin
If you or someone you love experiences these symptoms, call 911 immediately. A ruptured aneurysm requires emergency surgery to stop internal bleeding and save a life.
Who Is at Risk for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms?
While anyone can develop an AAA, certain factors significantly increase your risk:
🔹 Age: People over the age of 65, especially men, are at higher risk
🔹 Smoking: Smoking damages artery walls and is the leading preventable cause of AAA
🔹 High Blood Pressure: Extra pressure on the arterial walls can contribute to aneurysm formation
🔹 Atherosclerosis: Buildup of plaque weakens blood vessels
🔹 Family History: A parent or sibling with AAA increases your likelihood
🔹 Male Gender: Men are 4–6 times more likely to develop AAA
🔹 History of Vascular Disease: Prior arterial issues increase your risk profile
If you fall into one or more of these categories, it’s important to speak with your doctor about screening options—even if you feel completely healthy.
The Role of Screening: Catching AAA Before It’s Too Late
Since most AAAs are silent, screening is the most powerful tool for early detection. A quick, painless ultrasound scan can detect the size and shape of the abdominal aorta and identify whether an aneurysm is present.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends one-time screening for men aged 65–75 who have ever smoked. However, other high-risk individuals—such as those with a family history or existing vascular disease—may benefit from earlier or more frequent screenings.
At the Vascular Institute of Chattanooga, we offer comprehensive AAA screenings as part of our vascular health evaluations, often with same-day appointments and no referral needed.
VIC’s Approach to Treating AAA
If an abdominal aortic aneurysm is found, treatment depends on its size and rate of growth:
🟢 Small AAAs (under 5.5 cm):
Usually monitored with regular imaging and risk factor management (blood pressure control, smoking cessation, lifestyle changes).
🔴 Larger or fast-growing AAAs (5.5 cm or larger):
Typically require surgical intervention to prevent rupture. VIC offers advanced minimally invasive options, including:
- Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): A stent graft is inserted via catheter to reinforce the weakened section of the aorta from within.
- Open Surgical Repair: In some cases, a traditional surgical approach may be required, especially if anatomy isn’t suitable for EVAR.
Our vascular surgeons are experienced in both open and endovascular repairs and use the most advanced imaging techniques to guide precision care tailored to each patient.
Why Choose the Vascular Institute of Chattanooga?
At VIC, we are committed to being the regional leader in vascular care, offering:
✅ Board-certified vascular surgeons and specialists
✅ State-of-the-art imaging for accurate, non-invasive diagnosis
✅ Minimally invasive AAA repair procedures
✅ Same-day and next-day appointments
✅ Five convenient locations across the region
✅ Ongoing surveillance and vascular health education
We don’t just treat aneurysms—we help prevent them, monitor them, and give our patients peace of mind.
Prevention Tips: Protect Your Aorta
While some risk factors can’t be changed, others can. Here’s how to lower your chances of developing an AAA:
✔️ Quit smoking
✔️ Keep blood pressure in a healthy range
✔️ Exercise regularly
✔️ Eat a heart-healthy diet
✔️ Get screened if you’re over 65 or have a family history
✔️ Stay in regular contact with a vascular provider
Don’t Let Silence Be Dangerous
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms are often silent—but they don’t have to be deadly. With regular screening, lifestyle adjustments, and expert care, this hidden threat can be found early and treated before it becomes a crisis.
Schedule your AAA screening today.
📞 Call VIC for same-day availability
🌐 Visit www.vascularinstituteofchattanooga.com to learn more
